The Office of Research and Development oversees internal and external efforts to advance the research capabilities of the lab. Internally, the office provides guidance on research projects in the areas of molecular science and genomics, including potential interface with environmental influences on human health and development. Additionally, the office evaluates and advises the director of the Hygienic Laboratory on activities, including test methods, instrumentation and the overall science platform of the laboratory. Externally, the office advises and assists in the development of research agreements with external partners.

Hygienic Laboratory scientists are involved in numerous studies and projects that utilize advanced resources and apply them to tests and processes. This is known as translational or applied research. The goal of this research is to perform practical studies that can be used to improve the health of Iowans within a short implementation timeframe.

The Hygienic Laboratory has a history of participation in applied research activities. For example, staff scientists have developed or modified analytical procedures for measuring toxic compounds or pathogens in air, water, food and clinical samples. They provide advice and collaborate with researchers at the University of Iowa on a variety of topics, including infectious diseases, environmental health, occupational health, birth defects and neonatal health.